Inganda zubaka imashini zingamba ingingo 1: umuyaga cyangwa banneri?Ibikoresho byo kubaka mubuhinde ibikoresho, ibikoresho byindobo

Inganda zubaka imashini zingamba ingingo 1: umuyaga cyangwa banneri?Ibikoresho byo kubaka mubuhinde ibikoresho, ibikoresho byindobo

Muri iyi nyandiko, "umuyaga" bivuga politiki ya politiki yo gukura gahoro, "umutima" bivuga ihindagurika ryibiciro byimigabane yimashini zubaka, naho "ibendera" bivuga ihinduka ryibanze ryimashini zubaka.Mugusesengura impinduka za politiki, imikorere yibiciro byamateka nibikorwa shingiro byinganda, turagerageza gushakisha isano iri hagati yabyo.Kuva muri Werurwe, umuyaga wa politiki yiterambere ridahwema gushyuha buhoro buhoro, kandi inshuro nyinshi mumateka, politiki yiterambere ridahwitse yerekanye isano nigiciro cyimigabane yimashini zubaka;Muri 2022, biteganijwe ko inganda z’imashini zubaka nazo ziteganijwe kuzamuka.Ibikoresho byo kubaka mubuhinde ibikoresho, ibikoresho byindobo

“Umuyaga” wa politiki yo gukura ihamye yaje.

1) Politiki yo gukura ihamye iteganijwe gukomeza.Inama nkuru y’ubukungu y’ubukungu yasabye ko imirimo y’ubukungu mu 2022 igomba kuba ihamye kandi igashaka iterambere mu gukomeza kubungabunga umutekano, ikerekana icyerekezo cy’iterambere ry’inganda rihamye.Mu rwego rwo gushyira mu bikorwa ibyemezo n’imitunganyirize ya Komite Nkuru ya CPC n’Inama y’igihugu kandi bigatanga uruhare runini ku ruhare rwa “ballast” y’ubukungu, komisiyo ishinzwe iterambere n’ivugurura ry’igihugu na Minisiteri y’inganda n’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho bafatanije gushyiraho politiki nyinshi zo guteza imbere Iterambere rihamye ry’ubukungu bw’inganda n’impande zibishinzwe vuba aha, kugira ngo politiki irusheho kugenda neza, guteza imbere imikorere ihamye y’ubukungu bw’inganda no guharanira ko ubukungu bwifashe neza muri rusange.Vuba aha, igipimo cy’inyungu cyakwirakwijwe mu Bushinwa Amerika imyaka 10 y’inguzanyo z’imari ya Leta yarahindutse, ibyo bikaba bishobora kubyara ishyirwaho rya politiki y’iterambere rihamye.

2) Amabwiriza yo kurwanya ishoramari ryibikorwa remezo akomeje kwerekana.Ku ya 7 Mata, Umuhanda wa gari ya moshi w’Ubushinwa watangaje amakuru y’imikorere y’igihembwe cya mbere cy’umwaka wa 2022. Amafaranga y’amasezerano yo kubaka imari shya ya gari ya moshi y’Ubushinwa mu gihembwe cya mbere yageze kuri miliyari 543.45, yiyongereyeho 94.1% umwaka ushize.Amasezerano yo kubaka imari mashya yasinywe mugihembwe cya mbere yageze kurwego rwo hejuru mugihe kimwe cyamateka.Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Gashyantare, umuvuduko w'iterambere ry'ibikorwa remezo ishoramari ry'umutungo utimukanwa wiyongereyeho 8,6% umwaka ushize, kandi iterambere ryiyongera buhoro buhoro.Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Gashyantare, umubare w'inguzanyo zidasanzwe zatanzwe n'inzego z'ibanze wageze kuri miliyari 971.9 z'amafaranga y'u Rwanda, umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 452.8%;Gutanga iterambere ry’inzego z’ibanze zidasanzwe byihuta cyane ugereranije n’imyaka yashize, kandi gutangira imishinga minini biteganijwe ko byihuta.Ibikoresho byo kubaka mubuhinde ibikoresho, ibikoresho byindobo

3) Politiki yo kugenzura imitungo itimukanwa yatangije kwidagadura.Kuva umwaka watangira, politiki yo kugenzura imitungo itimukanwa no kugenzura byakomeje kuba ubusa.Duhereye ku gushyigikira icyifuzo gikwiye cyo kugura amazu no kwagura inyungu zimishinga yisoko ryubutaka, twateje imbere kugabanuka kumasoko make hamwe nibisabwa kumasoko yimitungo itimukanwa.Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Gashyantare, ishoramari ryarangiye mu iterambere ry’imitungo ryiyongereyeho 3,7% umwaka ushize, ubuso bushya bwubatswe bwagabanutseho 12.2% umwaka ushize, kandi n’ubwubatsi bushya bwakomeje kwiyongera nabi.Nkumwanya wingenzi wurwego rwimashini zubaka, kuruhuka kwa politiki yimitungo itimukanwa biteganijwe ko bizarushaho gukenera inganda zikora imashini zubaka.

Nigute ushobora kwimura "umutima" wigiciro cyimigabane yimashini zubaka

1) Politiki nyinshi ziterambere zihamye mumateka zatumye igiciro cyimigabane yimashini zubaka zizamuka.Dushubije amaso inyuma mu myaka icumi ishize, Ubushinwa bwahuye n’ibice bitanu by’iterambere ryiyongera muri 2008-2009, 2012, 2014-2015, 2018-2019 na 2020.

Dufashe nk'inganda zikomeye za Sany, kuzamuka no kugabanuka kw'igiciro cy’imigabane ya Sany mu bihe bitanu byavuzwe haruguru byari 89.5%, 22.3%, 118.0%, 60.3% na 148.2%, naho kuzamuka no kugabanuka byari 49.3%, - 13.9%, - 24.2%, 52.7% na 146.9%.

Turashobora kubona ko politiki yiterambere ihamye yagize uruhare runini mukuzamura igiciro cyimigabane murwego rwimashini zubaka.

2) Imashini zubwubatsi zirashobora gufata idirishya ryiza ryishoramari mugihe cyo kumanuka.Twibanze ku gusesengura imikorere yimigabane yinganda za Sany Heavy Inganda mugihe cyamanutse cyinganda zimashini zubaka kuva 2012 kugeza 2016, zishobora kuba zifite akamaro ko gushora imari muriki cyiciro:

Mu mateka, politiki yo gukura ihamye yagize uruhare runini ku giciro cy’imigabane ya Sany Heavy Industry, kandi amahirwe meza yo gushora imari arashobora gufatwa mugihe cyamanutse.Twizera ko aho ihindagurika ryimikorere, gutondekanya aho gutondekanya no gutondekanya aho biteganijwe guhindukira ni urufunguzo rwo gusuzuma imikorere yimigabane yimashini zubaka;Ihinduka ryateganijwe ryibicuruzwa rishobora kuganisha ku gisubizo cyambere cyibiciro byimigabane, kandi imikorere irashobora guhinduka igipimo cyanyuma mugihe cyamanutse.

3) Iki cyiciro cyo gukosora bikabije mugiciro cyimigabane yimashini zubaka zagaragaje byimazeyo ibyifuzo byinganda.Kuva mu 2021, ibiciro by'imigabane ya Sany, Zoomlion, XCMG, Hengli n’indi mishinga y’imashini zubaka byahinduwe ku buryo bugaragara, aho igabanuka rya 61.9%, 55.1%, 33.0% na 62.0% kuva igiciro cy’imigabane giheruka.Kuva mu gihembwe cya kabiri cya 2021, umwaka-ku-mwaka amakuru yo kugurisha ibicuruzwa by’imashini zubaka nka excavator, crane yamakamyo hamwe namakamyo ya pompe byakomeje kugabanuka.Isoko muri rusange ryizera ko uruganda rukora imashini zubaka rwatangije urwego rwo hejuru / rumanuka nyuma yimyaka itanu yazamutse, kandi igiciro cyimigabane nacyo kigaragaza ibyo biteze.Niba ibyifuzo byinganda biteganijwe ko bizatera imbere muri 2022, dufite impamvu zo gutegereza igiciro cyimigabane kigahinduka kandi kikazamuka.Ibikoresho byo kubaka mubuhinde ibikoresho, ibikoresho byindobo